. . . (Monday 15th I went down to the ship Charles Buck in the forenoon and gave the emigrating Saints their berths to sleep in. During the afternoon they came on board with their luggage.)

Tuesday at 1 o'clock the doctor [p.205] and other officers came on board to inspect the passengers and see that none go to sea sick they were all allowed to pass. [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 206 IS WRITTEN, 1855 Liverpool, January 16th]

Wednesday morning, 17th I bade my brethren and sisters in Liverpool farewell, and after receiving some books from Brother Richards and settling some business with him, I went down to the ship and got on board about two o'clock. The passengers were then called, and, with the exception of one by the name of William Leigh were found on board.

Between seven and eight o'clock at night the steam tug came along, and after weighing anchor, took us out to sea.

As we were going out the River Mersey I called all the brethren together and Brother Mark Fletcher read the following letter to them:
15 Wilton Street Liverpool
December 20th, 1854
To the Latter-day Saints on board [p.206] the Charles Buck

This certifies that Elder Richard Ballantyne is appointed to preside over the company of Saints sailing on board the ship Charles Buck hence to New Orleans, and they are hereby exhorted to receive his counsels and abide in the same, that the blessings of life and salvation may attend them on their journey. Elder Mark Fletcher and Eric G.M. Hogan are appointed to aid Elder Ballantyne as his counselors in conducting the affairs of the company while crossing the sea; and inasmuch as the company continue united, remember their prayers in the season thereof, and are obedient to the instructions of their presidency, they will be blessed with a safe and prosperous voyage.
Signed by Franklin D. Richards
President of the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-
day Saints in Britain [p.207]

On board the Charles Buck January 17th.

After the forgoing letter had been read the brethren voted unanimously to sustain me as their president during the voyage, and also to sustain Elders Hogan and Fletcher as my counselors.

I afterwards blessed my counselors and set them apart to their office then called upon as many as are willing to serve the Lord and work righteousness on this voyage to raise their hands to heaven in token of it. They all with one accord raised their hands to heaven. I then gave such instruction as their circumstances and the preservation of their health required, and, as was necessary to the preservation of their virtue and chastity.

I also observed that if any one felt disposed to grumble while on this voyage we would like him to volunteer his services, and we would set him apart to that work. No one would volunteer, and my counselor, Mark Fletcher, [p.208] nominated me to that office. I said I would accept of it if they would with one heart sustain me, and I would endeavor to magnify my office and grumble only as a man of God should. They voted unanimously to sustain me in this. [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 209 IS WRITTEN, Teaching to the Saints]

I observed during the meeting that if any one was resolved to work wickedness on this voyage we would like him to make it manifest. No one manifested a disposition to do so. I said if any one felt a lacking desire to do anything evil in secret they might as well avow it openly, because if they did not repent the Lord would make it manifest to His servants, and they might rest assured that we will not spare. It is too late in the day to work wickedness in the Kingdom of God, and have that wickedness concealed. The spirit of God will scrutinize the acts of the children of men, and openly reveal the deeds of the transgressor.[p.209] After singing a hymn the brethren were dismissed with the blessings of the Almighty.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 210 IS WRITTEN, 1855 ship Charles Buck January 17th.]

January 18th Thursday. During the day I visited through the ship and administered comfort and blessings to the sick. In the evening I met with my counselors and divided the company of Saints into four parts, to be organized into four wards, and appointed a president and his two counselors over each. Elder Eric Hogan, my first counselor, was appointed to preside over the First Ward, which is entirely composed of Danish Saints. Elder William West was blessed by me and set apart to preside over the Second Ward, which is composed, as are also the Third and Fourth Wards, of English and Scotch Saints. Elder Mark Fletcher was appointed to preside over the Third, and Elder David Hutchison was blessed and set apart to preside over the Fourth [p.210] Ward.
[NOTE: AT THE TOP OF PAGE 211 IS WRITTEN, Organization into 4 wards]

I then gave instructions concerning the cleanliness of the ship, and appointed the male members of each ward to take their turn in cleaning out all the filth in the morning, at 6 o'clock, before any of the families are up. The First Ward to do the [-] cleaning and sweeping out the ship the first morning, and so on to the second and last, so that each able bodied man may do an equal share in this work. Then as soon as the ship is cleaned the people shall be called upon to arise and dress themselves and immediately thereafter unite, under the direction of the president of each ward, in prayer, praise, and thanksgiving to the Lord. Then after morning devotion prepare breakfast and enter with cheerful hearts upon the duties of the day.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF 212 IS WRITTEN, 1855 January 18th ship Charles Buck]

In like manner, in the evening, I instructed the presidents of wards, with their counselors, to call the people of their wards together at 7 o'clock before retiring to rest [p.211] that they may again call upon the Lord in a united capacity, and receive such instruction as may be necessary from time to time, doing all things, and exercising themselves in meetings in that way, that the Holy Spirit shall dictate.

After I had given the forgoing counsel the president proceeded immediately to carry it out, and while the different wards united in singing the songs of Zion, and listened to the counsels of their presidents, the Holy Spirit rested down upon them so that my heart was inspired to rejoice in the Lord, and the society of his Saints.
[NOTE: Another Cabin Passage IS WRITTEN ON THE LEFT HAND SIDE OF THE PAGE]

January 19th Friday. Having obtained a first cabin passage, and having a comfortable private room to myself, besides the privilege of occupying other two rooms with the captain and his lady, and another passenger, and also being blessed with the most excellent food at the same table with the captain, I felt, under these favorable and pleasant circumstances [p.212] [AT TOP OF PAGE 213 IS WRITTEN, The Lord’s goodness recorded] to give praise and thanks all the day long to the name of my God. For what I am more than others of my brethren that the Lord should deal so graciously towards me. Since I left my home the Lord has ever been very gracious and though I left without purse or script to travel many thousands of miles, and to go round the world. [A cabin passage all the way round IS WRITTEN ON THE SIDE] the Lord has ever opened my way, to not only obtain a passage by sea when it was necessary, but has provided me, through his great goodness, with a cabin passage from San Pedro to San Francisco from thence to Calcutta in the same comfortable manner, and from Calcutta to [UNCLEAR POSSIBLY, Madras] where I had accomplished my mission, and nearly wore out my body in the latter place, He again was near, and ever present, to open my way, so that without money, I again rode upon high places over the sea, and enjoyed all the comforts of the captain's cabin and now that my journey is terminating and I am crossing the Atlantic to complete [p.213] my voyage around the earth, He has more abundantly blessed me than heretofore. [AT TOP OF PAGE 214 IS WRITTEN, 1855 January 19th ship Charles Buck] We are riding on a fine, first class ship, of 1400 tons tonnage, with a splendidly furnished cabin, and the captain and his lady makes me welcome to their generous hospitality. What more could I desire? The Lord has far more than fulfilled my expectations when I left my home in His service, He has inspired me with a desire to be comfortable, while crossing the oceans and seas, and according to the faith thus begotten within me, and these desires, my way has been opened to go forth from nation to nation, and over each successive sea, bay, or ocean, in His name with thanksgiving and praise. And, as I have hitherto done, I have dedicated my private room where I may worship the Lord and call upon His holy name. This I do that I may improve the privileges He has given me to His own glory, and that I may [p.214] so manifest my gratitude in suitably appreciating His mercies as that He may not in His anger deprive me of them.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 215 IS WRITTEN, Two teachers appointed in each ward]

In the evening of this day I called on the four presidents and requested them to appoint two teachers in each ward, to watch over the Saints, and see that no iniquity is practiced.

In connection with my counselors I visited the Saints in every part of the ship and administered to the sick. Found no cases of dangerous illness, but many that felt sick in their stomach, and pained in their heads, owing to the motion of the vessel, and their not yet being used to it. Found no case of affliction only what is common among the Saints in crossing the sea. To all such we spoke words of encouragement and consolation.

Saturday January 20th 1855. This morning I feel to [p.215] to [SIC] give thanks to the name of my god for His marvelous kindness.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 216 IS WRITTEN, 1855 January 20th ship Charles Buck]

During the day I visited the Saints and administered comfort to the afflicted. In connection with the ordinances of anointing with oil, and laying on of hands, I administered castor oil to such as were feverish, from colds, and costiveness in the bowels. They have all been relieved by this treatment. In some cases of debility and weakness, accompanied with derangement and chilliness of the stomach I have counseled them to use a little brandy, in warm gruel. This has also had the desired effect. In one case of colic I administered a dose of peppermint and laudanum, and Brother Hutchison was relieved by it, and now feels well.

In the evening of this day a council of the Priesthood was held, and various opinions, and amendments to the organization offered, which only indicated to me that [p.216] [ NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 217 IS WRITTEN, Difficulties of legislation] persons destitute of experience, however zealous they may be, and anxious to do right, make very poor and injudicious legislators. There was warmth enough manifested which I had to check and moderate, but far too many schemes to lay needless restrictions upon the brethren and sisters. The subject that engrossed the most attention was how every one should have an equal privilege in cooking their food. This question seemed to perplex the minds of the brethren, and is one, above all others, difficult judiciously to manage. If too many laws are made to regulate it, contention for individual rights would be the result, and we therefore decided to get along without imposing on the brethren and sisters a multitude of improfitable laws and ordinances, recommending in a most urgent manner the necessity of charity, mutual forbearance, and a kindly disposition to accommodate each other. In [p.217] so large a company viz. 403 Saints, and about 40 Irish who are not members of our church, it is next to impossible for every one to be as well accommodated as they would like, as they only have one large stove to cook by. The meeting was adjourned till Monday at 12 o'clock. I thought I would give the brethren the privilege of reflecting a little more on the various questions before passing unnecessary laws and ordinances.
[NOTE AT TOP OF PAGE 218 IS WRITTEN, 1855 Bay of Biscay, January 20th]

Sabbath January 21, 1855. This morning after visiting the Saints and the sick, and finding the most of them well, and three sisters, who have had slight fever, recovering we met, between decks, in a public capacity to worship the Lord and partake of the sacrament. We administered the sacrament with unleavened bread, and water. We had an excellent meeting. The Lord blessed me greatly [p.218] imparting instruction, and the Saints listened with the most intense interest. The Danish Saints met by themselves and Elder [ERIC] Hogan taught them in their own language and administered to them the sacrament also.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 219 IS WRITTEN, Meetings and sacrament between deck]

In the evening we had a testimony meeting, and I never before was in a meeting where a better spirit prevailed, and where better feelings and resolutions were manifested. I rejoiced in the Lord for the goodness and mercy to His Saints, for they truly seem to be of one heart. And the elements are all apparently under the control of the Lord for our good. During the meeting the ship continued to sail as smoothly and though we were in a comfortable room on land. My soul feels to say what shall we render to the Lord for all His great goodness, for thus far no company of Saints ever made better progress, or in [p.219] all respects were more highly favored.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 220 IS WRITTEN, 1855 January 21st between Spain and the Azores]

My discourse today was, partly, exhorted by Brother Speicht, and shall have it recorded in my other journal. Many things taught were precious to myself, and they may be to my family. For which reason I shall endeavor to preserve some of my teachings or rather such things as the Holy Spirit shall communicate for the salvation of the Saints, in my charge.

Monday January 22 1855. The Saints generally are in good health; and all are recovering from seasickness. Everything seems prosperous.

At ½ past 12 I met with the Priesthood in council. It was then agreed that 8 men be appointed to stand successively at the galley doors, two at a time, to see that every person has their turn in cooking.

2: That the teachers make it their [p.220] special duty to watch over the sisters and see that they have no improper familiarity with the sailors.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 221 IS WRITTEN, Meeting of Council]

3: That the sisters have the use of the water closets on one side of the ship, and that the brethren, and the sailors, have the use of those on the other side.

The meeting was after, singing and prayer, adjourned till Wednesday at 2 o'clock afternoon.

A meeting was appointed for the sisters the evening to know their determination in regard to keeping aloof from the sailors.

7 o'clock: The meeting being opened with singing and prayers, I arose and spoke to the sisters, especially the unmarried, to beware of associating with unbelievers, for what fellowship hath light with darkness and what communion hath she that believeth with an infidel and so far as preaching the gospel to the sailors is concerned the sisters are relieved from [p.221] all responsibility. [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 222 IS WRITTEN, 1885 January 22nd on board ship] The brethren who hold the priesthood are appointed to that work, but until they repent and are baptized, and have proven by their faith and works that they love righteousness, repose no confidence in them. Have nothing to do with them, but show by a proper and positive reserve that you respect yourselves as Saints, and that your confidence is in those men who are able to counsel you for salvation, and promote you to honor and exaltation in worlds to come. The sisters in the valley of the mountains hardly consider a man entitled to their confidence till he had gone forth to the nations to preach the gospel, and has proven his integrity in work and in deed. Those who are weak in faith and righteousness can hardly have the privilege of associating freely with our females, far less those who have never made any confession of Christ or obedience to his gospel. [p.222] [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 223 IS WRITTEN, Meeting of the Sisters] The sisters being now called upon to manifest their resolution in regard to this matter, and testify as they might otherwise be led by the Spirit, . . . Others expressed their feelings in like manner testifying that they were willing to obey counsel, . . .

The Spirit of the Lord was copiously poured out upon the sisters, and all present, and we had a heavenly time and an entire amalgamation of our feelings in one. I rejoiced greatly and felt to praise the Lord because of His good spirit and the unity that prevails.

During the meeting I united [p.223] in marriage two young couples. Previous to so doing I instructed them concerning what would be their duties as husbands and wives and of the sacred and endearing ties which they were about to form.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 224 IS WRITTEN, 1855 January 22nd]

Tuesday 23. Served out 1 lb. butter each to the passengers, and other provisions provided for them. Administered to several persons who are still feeble. A quarrel took place between one of the brethren and the cook, about cooking sooner for an Irish passenger then he was entitled to.

The last 24 hours nearly a dead calm, and a very unpleasant rocking of the vessel.

Wednesday and Thursday 24th-25th. Much seasickness, in consequence of a heavy sea, and an unusually unpleasant motion of the ship. Friday evening had a prayer meeting [p.224] that was pretty well attended. [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 225 IS WRITTEN, Prayer Meeting on Board] I opened it with a few remarks showing the privileges of the brethren and sisters, and that a record in kept in heaven of those who appreciate their privileges and talk often one to another for mutual strength and consolation. And, saith the Lord, “they shall be mine in that day when I shall make up my jewels.” A Brother Grimmett [ Grinnett] arose and spoke in tongues, but not by the Spirit of the Lord. I had made a few remarks concerning our duty to pray for those who are afflicted, and Brother Grimmett through over anxiety, and not being sufficiently aware of the subtlety of the evil one, gave way to a spirit that was not of God. I was constrained to rebuke it in the name of Jesus Christ, and we had a good meeting. I was led to remark that a person may for a moment be under a false influence, like Peter the Apostle of our Lord, and yet in the main course of life, and in the discharge of duty, that same person may [p.225] habitually be under the influence of the Spirit of the Lord.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 226 IS WRITTEN, 1855 January 24 Prayer]

I felt to admonish the brethren and sisters to be sober, and call upon the Lord, so that when we pass through the valley of death, where the Destroyer rideth upon the face of the Mississippi and other western waters, and where many of the Saints have fallen a prey to His grasp, our faith may not fail, and our lives may be preserved.

I also said that when I am alone upon the waters, my only care is to so live before the Lord as that He may preserve me in storms or tempests or in whatsoever I am called to pass through on sea or land. But I am now associated with the Saints of God, and I can not only for myself, but also for them, for whatever they are called upon to pass through I must pass through it with them, so that we are all interested one in the welfare of the other and if one member suffers our sensibilities [p.226] should be so acute as that we may all suffer with it. And when one rejoices we may all rejoice together. When the bond of our unity is so perfect, and our feelings are so sanctified by the Spirit of the Lord, then shall we realize that exquisite happiness into which the Lord desires we should enter, and then shall the knowledge of God be unfolded to our understandings.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 227 IS WRITTEN, Meeting and Teachings

After many testimonies and much singing, and several prayers, I admonished the brethren to continue humble and united and especially to see that the sick do not suffer. I expressed a desire to have meeting on the upper deck on Sabbath morning if the Lord will favor us with good weather and which I believe He will grant.

Friday 26th. This morning a most distressing accident occurred. One of the sons of Brother Grimmett, [Grinnett] [p.227] a boy seven years of age, fell overboard and perished in the sea. The ship was sailing so fast and the boats so difficult to launch, that nothing could be done in time to save him. He lay on his back on the surface of the waters for a few seconds, and then disappeared. His parents were greatly distressed. His father was in an agony of distress. I tried to comfort him and his wife, and though a most distressing providence, the Lord gives them grace to acknowledge His righteous hand and to reconcile their feelings to it.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 288 IS WRITTEN, 1855 Death of Brother Grimmett’s [Grinnett’s] boy by drowning]

27th Saturday. In various ways I tried to comfort the hearts of Brother and Sister Grimmett and their distressed family, such as by blessing and instruction, and furnishing them some nice biscuit, cheese &c, for I have learned that such tokens of sympathy and interest goes much further and has greater [p.228] efficacy than words alone.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 229 IS WRITTEN, Sabbath 28 January 1855]

In the evening I met in counsel with the priesthood, and from the reports it appeared that every one on board was doing about as well as could reasonably be expected, excepting some commissions [-] on the part of the presidents of wards and the teachers in keeping the water closets clean for the sisters. Some of the sisters have such filthy habits that they all get up on the seat with their feet, instead of sitting on it, and so besmears it that the next sister who comes finds it so filthy that she cannot use it.

I am ashamed of such nasty habits, and, to prevent them , we have been obliged to appoint a guard to watch over their water closet, and see that they are kept clean.

Sabbath 28th. I preached a funeral [p.229] discourse to comfort the heart of Brother Grimmett's family. And that all present may improve this solemn and distressing providence.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 330 IS WRITTEN, January 29 and 30th 1885]

Partly through sympathy with this afflicted family, and ministering to others who have been sick, I have been very unwell for several days but I pray my Father in Heaven to strengthen me for the duties which rest upon me, and give me a large portion of the Holy Spirit that my wisdom and usefulness may be increased.

Sacrament was administered in the afternoon and prayer meetings were held in the evening.

Monday and Tuesday, considerable seasickness as the weather has been boisterous, and the sea high for the last three days. The between decks have been very uncomfortable with the spillings of water and other [-] [p.230] while the ship has been rolling. And on Wednesday 31st the day being fine and the sea calm, every trunk and box was removed, and the between decks was thoroughly cleaned by sweeping, scraping, and washing. The unwholesome vapor which, during the stormy weather, was fast accumulating has been removed by removing the wetness and filth by which it was occasioned. And much sickness is thereby prevented through the blessings of the Lord.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 231 IS WRITTEN, January 31, 1855]

Served out provisions today for one week, it being one day later than the usual time. Notified the presidents of wards that a general meeting will be held this evening as I wish to speak, through the aid of the Lord, on the following subject, viz: How to manage the cooking - obeying counsel - necessity of personal cleanliness, and thorough cleaning of the ship, and keeping it dry between decks, to preserve health. Our present circumstances [p.231] and how to prevent the adversary from taking the advantage of us - also concerning provisions, lights, oil, &c.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 232 IS WRITTEN, January 31, 1855 Accident]

Yesterday morning the daughter of Sister Hall, a girl of eleven years met with a severe accident, by which the forepart of her leg, below the knee, was and open to the bone about eight inches in length. A large piece of wood slid from one side of the deck and struck her leg, producing the fearful gash referred to. Fortunately the bone does not seem to have been injured. It was so badly laid open that the captain and I had to press the wound together and sew it up with a needle and thread. We also poured some liniment on it after bandaging it well, and further bandaged it with four pieces of thin wood to prevent her bending her leg and thereby injuring the wound. [p.232] The little girl was very patient and the sewing of the wound did not seem to pain her much. It now seems to be doing well. Has not swollen much, neither does it pain her much since it was dressed.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 233 IS WRITTEN, February 1st 1855]

February 1st Thursday. Last night we had an excellent meeting. The spirit of the Lord rested on me and on the people in an unusual manner. In connection with topics mentioned in the previous page, I spoke a little on the principle of our marriage relations, and how after a servant of God multiplies his family by commandment of the Lord, and according to His Law, the Lord increases his substance so that he is enabled to sustain what the Lord hath given him. But if a man through ambition, or lust, or any other impure motive, seeks the enlargement of his family, and his dominion, and not to obey the commandment [p.233] of God, and glorify His name, that man is taking the surest steps to ruin himself and lose those members of his family which he previously had. No man should run in these matters any faster than the Spirit of God directs. Seek the counsel of the Holy Spirit and not the guidance of your own feelings. Do not run away from the Holy Ghost and follow after the dictates of your own evil hearts.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 234 IS WRITTEN, 1855 February 1st Provisions Murmurers]

In relation to the provisions furnished for the passengers I said that Brother Richards had done according to his contract, but when the accident happened to the Helios, and the passengers were shipped on this vessel, the captain of the “Helios” did not furnish the same provisions for them, but swindled them out of their cheese, pork, butter, vinegar and their articles, and sent the passengers on this ship, with only, biscuit, oatmeal, rice, flour, sugar, and tea, and further more has ordered that the surplus provisions shall be retained, and not given to the passengers, as would have been done if [p.234] they had gone on the Helios, and no accident had occurred. I said I did not feel to curse him for his rascality in thus cheating the Saints, for I believed that God will do it without, unless he repents, and makes ample restitution. And I said that Brother Richards had more than fulfilled his contracts by kindly giving to you a present of 6 ½ firkins of butter.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 235 IS WRITTEN, there appointment, with councilors]

Some disaffection was at first manifested by a Brother Dixon and others, but after a more full explanation they seemed to be satisfied, and I said if after what has been said any one feels disposed to murmur for the provisions on the “Helios” I will pray the Father, in the name of Jesus that he may be sent back to get them, or we will at our next meeting appoint that person to grumble for the company, and as many as unite with him we shall appoint to be his counselors.

Today I waited on the sick all the forenoon and gave such medicines as they needed. [p.235] [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 236 IS WRITTEN, 1855 Sanctification] In the evening a prayer meeting was held, and after the meeting had been opened, and several had spoken, I addressed the brethren and sisters on the principles of sanctification, and observed that sanctification must begin in us with the Holy Ghost purifying our hearts, eradicating every evil thought and desire, suffering no evil expressions to flow out of our mouths, nor any jealousies to nestle in our feelings; then after the spirit is sanctified by the Holy Ghost or the worth of sanctification is begun in the heart, we must cleanse our bodies with pure water, and our clothes; and our bedding; and our floor, and our habitation we must purify and every thing pertaining to it and us. Our children we must also instruct, pray with and for, and keep them clean in body and pure from sin.

After having thus cleansed the [p.236] ship, ourselves, our children, and every thing pertaining to us, then will the atmosphere be pure and healthy, the unwholesome vapor depart, the Holy Spirit will rest down upon you, and cheerfulness, life, and salvation will be the inheritance of the Saints on this ship. This is the kind of sanctification that we need for present salvation, while crossing the sea, and while you are all pent up together in the hold of the ship.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 237 IS WRITTEN, How accomplished.]

I said I was ashamed that the mate of the ship should have had occasion to keep the water back till this should be done. Thus it is that the Lord brings on us the law of the Gentiles when we will not keep His commandments.

In regard to sanctification I would say that the work devolving on us in [p.237] order to enjoy the Holy Ghost, and become perfect, differs under different circumstances, as when we enter into a temple we are required to purify ourselves in a somewhat different manner.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 238 IS WRITTEN, 1855 February 1st]

Friday 2nd. February spent the most of the day administering to the sick, and I am thankful that they all seem to be doing well.

Have commenced making tents with which to cross the plains.
Saturday 3rd I was sorry to observe a quarrel between two of the brethren. I went to them, and told them to stay themselves, and we would meet in council and settle the difficulty. They immediately parted, and afterwards settled it themselves, and confessed their faults in a public meeting.

When the council meeting was [p.238] held in addition to other business, we admonished Brother King for rebelling against my decision and saying that I was partial, and that he would not approbate a certain arrangement concerning a berth. Brother King confessed that he gave way to a wrong spirit, and was sorry for what he had said, and asked forgiveness of the council, and of me, which was readily granted.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 239 IS WRITTEN, Council Meeting]

We altered the arrangement concerning each ward cleaning the whole ship by turns in the morning, and ordained that the president of each ward see to the cleaning of his own ward every morning, and also that the ship be kept clean during the day.

Much anxiety was manifested to make new laws, which amounted to this that the brethren through indolence are not wiling to carry out those already made. I gave some counsel and reproof on this point which was well received.[p.239]
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE240 IS WRITTEN, 1855 February 4th Sabbath]

Sabbath 4th. Had meeting on the upper deck. Brother Mark Fletcher preached, and Brother Hutchison gave a good exhortation. The day being damp not many attended. The sailors were invited but did not attend. In the afternoon we had sacrament and the Lord was with us. Good instructions were given, and those who had offended, confessed, and were forgiven.

Monday 5th. Visited the sick; cut out 19 tents, and gave them to Emigration Fund passengers to make, as they will have the use of them while crossing the plains. We have cut up 9 bolts of Nankeen, and there as yet 10 bolts in the hold.

We had an excellent prayer and testimony meeting in the evening. Many of the brethren spoke and I gave much good and precious instruction, concerning which and other instructions that I have given to [p.240] the Saints, Brother Hutchison said they were precious to him, and such that he would not forget in time nor in eternity.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 241 IS WRITTEN, February 6, 1855]

I felt truly joyful in the society of so excellent a company of Saints, that are willing to obey counsel, and who enjoy a peaceable and lovely spirit.

February 6. Tuesday. This morning the upper deck is crowded with a busy crowd of cheerful Saints all intent on sewing the tents according as they have been taught. It is truly pleasing to see so much happiness and contentment, combined with our active desire to do all that is required.

There is only two persons confined to bed today, and these are going to be removed into the hospital that they may have more fresh air. Mr. Label, who shipped some of the passengers, had put some passengers [p.241] into the hospital but the captain has given orders for their removal to the 'tween decks in case the sick require it.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 242 IS WRITTEN, 1855 February 7th]

Wednesday 7th. The weather is beautiful and warm, but in consequence the 'tween decks are getting very unwholesome, as the 2nd mate has had the 'tween deck washed every day, which caused such an unwholesome vapor to arise that I spoke of it to the captain, and he has given orders not to wash, but to scrape the 'tween decks clean, thereby preserving the dryness as well as cleanliness of the ship. I have had much concern and anxiety of mind to preserve the health of the passengers, and I pray the Lord to give me wisdom, to manage aright, and influence with the captain and officers to secure what is for their welfare.

Thursday 8. Yesterday, and today, there has been a busy scene on deck. The most of the sisters are seated in happy groups making the tents, while the children are playing happily and contented around.[p.242] Had a meeting on the upper deck in the evening. We hung up two lanterns and assembled between the main mast and the galleys. After singing and prayer, and singing Brother Fletcher made some remarks on the subject of faith, and as some of the sailors were listening I spoke for some time on the first principles of the gospel and the gathering of God's Elect. Also made a few remarks showing how the Saints come into possession of that knowledge by which they can without presumption say "We know we are of God and all the world lieth in wickedness."
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 243 IS WRITTEN, Meeting on Deck]

Friday 9th. Day fine. Saints busy making their tents. Meeting in the evening when Brothers West, and Sturrock made some very edifying remarks. The second mate acted very ugly after meeting, and laid hold of a boy to hurt him, but I told him he must not do so, and he let the boy go.

Saturday 10th. The few sick are getting well, for which, and for general improved health, let the Lord be praised.[p.243] [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 244 IS WRITTEN, 1855 February 10th Cape Verde Islands] We have not obtained the North-East Trade winds, as we expected, and in consequences of this, and head winds, we are this forenoon in sight of the Cape Verde Islands. The names of those we see nearest to us are St. Antonia, an inhabited island, and St. Vincent, an island that is without inhabitant. The following sketches I have taken of them at a distance of 75 miles, bearing south.
[Sketch drawn labeled St. Antonia. Underneath Latitude 17° N. and Longitude 25° West is written.]
[Sketch labeled St. Vincent is drawn.][p.244]
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 245 IS WRITTEN, February 10TH 1855]

Saturday. Held a council meeting in the afternoon and instructed the Priesthood to beware of rendering evil to evil for any man but rather pray that God may soften the hearts of the officers and men for his own glory, and the good of the Saints. Also taught them to be careful not to bring up or encourage false accusations either against individuals, or the company in general. And if a sinner arise that anything is stolen, be very careful to make a through search before you believe it. Rather believe good concerning the people of God than to believe evil, and as many rumors of this, and that, being stolen has prevailed, and been encouraged, check this disposition of false accusing, as it appears that the most of such reports are afterwards proven to be false. I wish to maintain the good character of the Saints, and of individuals, till it be clearly proven that they are guilty of some misdemeanor.

In the evening we called a meeting of the Fourth Ward as some of the members of that ward have manifested a disposition from time to time to trample the president of the ward [p.245] and the laws of the priesthood under their feet. It was thought more good would be done by calling the whole ward together than by calling the individuals before the council. After the meeting was opened I said that any person who is disproved to rebel against the authority of the Kingdom of God has no right to be in that Kingdom, and if they are determined to maintain their opposition they shall be renounced from it.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 246 IS WRITTEN, Ward Meeting-Instructions &c]

After much instruction, and exhortation, two sisters arose and made confession, and asked forgiveness. They were forgiven, but some of the brethren who were in fault did not confess. We did not name the guilty parties as we thought that all whose consciences convinced them of sin might be led by the spirit of the Lord to freely make restitution. I exhorted those, who had not, to confess their faults to their president, and do better in time to come.

My counselors also spoke, exhorting the brethren and sisters to give heed to counsel.

Sabbath February 11th. The infant child [p.246] of Charles Hartley died at two o'clock this morning of diarrhea, and was buried in the ocean at ½ past 10 o'clock in the forenoon, in Latitude North 17.° 30." and West Longitude from Greenwich 36.° 53.".
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 247 IS WRITTEN, 1855 February 11th Death of Brother Hartley’s child]

The corpse was sewed up in a blanket instead of being put in a coffin, and a quantity of sand wrapped up with it, towards the feet, to make it sink. Before depositing the body in the ocean the brethren, and sisters, assembled on deck, sung a hymn and offered up prayers, dedicating the body of the child to God to come forth in the morning of the first resurrection. Brothers Fletcher and Hutchison then carried the body of the child on a flat board to the bulwark of the ship and it slid down into the water, and immediately sank out of sight. We then sang another hymn, prayed, and I preached a discourse concerning the general dealings of God with the righteous and the wicked, and their families, and the necessity of submission to all of His providence. Also spoke of the preexistence of the spirit, its union with the tabernacle, in [-] [POSSIBLY, order] [p.247] to receive a fullness of glory in the resurrection, and of the salvation that is in Christ Jesus for young and old. [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 248 IS WRITTEN, 1855 Funeral Discourse-February 11th] The salvation of the child is unconditional-all are alive in Christ, and at death they depart from the ills of this life to mingle with the spirits of the just. Not so with those who have grown up and have sinned. They must repent, and be baptized and receive the Holy Ghost, before they can enter into the Kingdom of God. On this occasion I also spoke a few words concerning the “Spirit in prison” and justified the dealings of God to men, by showing that all who hear not the gospel in this life will hear it in the spirit world. Jesus preached the gospel to the spirits in prison, and so must His servants, when they leave their ministry in this life.

At 2 o'clock we met and partook of the sacrament between decks. I had earnestly prayed to my Father in Heaven to refresh me, and the congregation, and he heard, and answered my prayer. My weakness of body departed and I was enabled to give much instruction to comfort [p.248] the Saints. My discourse was chiefly concerning the necessity of living by prayer and fasting in order that we may enjoy the Holy Spirit, for when we lose the Holy Spirit we feel doubtful and like John say “Art thou he that should come, or do we look for another.”
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 249 IS WRITTEN, Testimony concerning my counsels]

There was a good spirit prevailing, and after some testimonies, and singing, Brother Fletcher arose, and said, that during the forenoon services, after the funeral, many questions arose in his mind, and one was “has our president’s counsels to the company been judicious or have they not?” He said a voice answered, saying, the counsels of your president have been given in wisdom and by the revelations of Jesus Christ, and if the company of Saints on this ship had given strict heed to them they would have been more blessed than they have.

While my brother delivered this testimony a thrilling sensation of joy passed through me, and I felt to praise the Lord for such a token of approbation.

Monday 13th. Day warm. My health poor. General peace and health on board.[p.249]
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 250 IS WRITTEN, 1855 February 15th]

Thursday 15. For some time the 2nd mate, has been very abusive to the passengers and has attempted to use unbecoming familiarity to the females. He goes through the ship in the morning among the deck passengers saying “. . .You pray to the Devil all the evening and want to lay in bed in the morning" and many such sentiments of abuse flow from his lips. But even with this he is not satisfied. Brothers Fletcher and West have informed me that he goes through and puts his hands about the women's heads and necks while in bed telling them to arise &c.

Last night we had a meeting, and among other counsels, I advised the brethren and sisters to be patient and pray for those who have not the light of truth to guide them, suffering all manner of vile language, but by no means should the sisters suffer any [p.250] man to use such rude and ungentlemanly conduct towards them, and if they should leave a mark on such fellows, or throw something around their ears, I would sustain them in it when they are so insulted.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 251 IS WRITTEN, Latitude 19° North, Longitude 35° West]

There has been some quarreling this morning between the 2nd mate and some of the brethren, and the 2nd mate came to me and asked me to one side to inquire if I had said that he used improper familiarities with the women. I told him I had, and who had informed me of it. And also that I had given counsel to the sisters to resent such conduct. But that I had done so in general terms, and no man need consider the counsel as being directed against himself unless he be guilty of the conduct referred to. He went off saying that hereafter he would let them sleep as long [p.251] as they please.
[NOTE: AT TIP OF PAGE 252 IS WRITTEN, February 17th 1855]

Saturday 17th. Yesterday we saw 5 ships. Laid the circumstances of the Saints so far as they have sustained abusive treatment from the 2nd mate, in part, before the captain. He seemed disposed to find fault with our people and to sustain the conduct of the 2nd mate. I said that though our people had failings, and did err sometimes, that they were generally a good people, peaceably disposed, but that Mr. Lewis, to my certain knowledge, had grossly abused them, both in his language and in his actions, having in several instances used violence to the brethren. He said he must sustain the officers, but if I wished he would talk, again, to Mr. Lewis, I said I don't know that it will do any good, but I felt to make known to you [p.252] the situation of affairs.
[NOTES: AT TOP OF PAGE 253 IS WRITTEN, various difficulties]

I have felt much grieved because of the difficulties that threatens us, and have advised the brethren to be careful to avoid difficulty, to lay aside every feeling of revenge and remember that the commands of the officers must in general be obeyed. Though, if they require in an insulting manner more than is right they should be treated with indifference, for passengers have rights as well as officers.

Found this morning that Sister [Sybella] Pollard had injured herself, and raised hard feelings, in consequence of writing a complimentary note to the Chief Mate, Mr. Parker. I spoke to her, and she confessed, saying that he had done it to represent the feelings of another lady, not in the church, but that she had signed no names to it. I counseled her to seek the spirit of wisdom to direct, and as she has [p.253] brought herself into trouble with her "Sweet heart" and others, in consequence of it, that she must now bear the consequences, and act wisely in time to come. We must bear the smart of our own folly, and make restitution to those we have injured as the spirit of the Lord shall direct.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 254 IS WRITTEN, February 16 [SIC] 1855]

The winds have been light and contrary for some time, but this morning we are sailing in our course.

I got 2 barrels of pork from the captain for which I paid four pounds per barrel, and sold it at five pence per pound which is cheaper than it is sold in England. As the Saints have had no meat allowed them, this has made them very thankful.

This week, . . . [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 255 IS WRITTEN, Death of William Aitkin’s child]

Another child died at 9 o'clock p.m. of the 13th last in Latitude [blank] North and [blank] Longitude West. It was buried in the sea on Wednesday the 14th at 10 in the forenoon. The child's name was Helen Aitkin son of William Aitkin. We sung a hymn and united in prayer before the burial and sing another hymn afterwards.

On Saturday 17th the Priesthood met in council to consider and hear reports concerning the conduct [p.255] and circumstances of the Saints. [NOTES: AT TOP OF PAGE 256 IS WRITTEN, February 19th 1855] The cooking seems to be the only matter that is difficult to manage, but even with this the Saints get along pretty well. The general condition of the Saints was very favorable represented. . . .

Yesterday (Sabbath) I preached [p.256] [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 257 IS WRITTEN, Sister Sutton gives birth to a boy.] on the quarter deck. My discourse was upon the 3rd and 4th chapters of Micah. I was very weak in body and lungs, but the Lord was very gracious to me, and my lungs were made strong, and I was much edified, and so were the Saints. It was a season of peculiar joy and satisfaction; several of the brethren arose and bore testimony to the excellent things which had been given by the Holy Spirit. In the afternoon we partook of the sacrament between decks. The Saints were reproved for their indifference to the ordinance and want of thought as manifested in the want of cleanliness in that part of the ship where we met to partake of it.

Exhorted the Saints to continue in counsel and not get indifferent and careless in cleaning themselves and the ship, lest the Destroyer be let loose among us.

This morning abut 3 o'clock Sister Sutton gave birth to a boy. She, and the child are doing well. She was brought up to the hospital. (February 19th)[p.257]
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 258 IS WRITTEN, February 19th 1885]

Monday. This morning, as usual, I visited every part of the ship, where the Saints are berthed, and inquired concerning their health. Found all well excepting a few that are now recovering. I gave those who are weak and have infants some arrowroot to nourish themselves and their infants, and otherwise administered to those who need care and attention.

One of the Danish brethren, yesterday, struck Sister Hutchison in the cook house, and has since accused Brother Hutchison of being an “English Liar.” A large lump has since appeared on Sister Hutchison's side. I advised Brother Hogan to try and reconcile the parties.

In the evening an excellent testimony meeting was held. The chief topics discoursed were the sin of ingratitude, the necessity [p.258] of being passive like clay in the hands of the Potter and the mixture of goats with the sheep. A goat may be know in various ways. The breath, spirit, clothing, and general conduct of a goat is different from a sheep.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 259 IS WRITTEN, Sheep and Goats]

February 20. Tuesday. A bad spirit manifest among the Irish passengers, who unite with the sailors, as they are most Roman Catholics. Provisions were served out today. Water is served out every day, but provisions only once a week.

Provisions-this evening I learn that there is likely to be a deficiency of provisions. The question naturally arises have the passengers had more than their just allowance of provisions weekly, or was there too little put on board at Liverpool? Most fortunately we are able to answer these questions. Mr. Lewis, the second Mate,[p.259] first measured the provisions yesterday as usual, or a portion of them, and then weighed that that [SIC] was measured, when it was found that the flour measured overran the weight by about 1/4 lb. The tea was deficient 1/5 - The rice hardly made weight - The biscuit was about right. The sugar measured did not hold out weight - The oatmeal was not weighed.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 260 IS WRITTEN, Provision, deficient and cause thereof]

Thus it appears, by clear proof, that the passengers have not had more each week than their just allowance, and hardly that, equalizing one thing with another; and that the true cause of the deficiency existed in their not being a sufficient quantity put on board at Liverpool for the voyage. Provisions have only been served out for 42 days and the laws of England require that a weekly or daily allowance [p.260] be furnished for seventy days. I am happy that it cannot be proved that in serving out the provisions the brethren have given any more than just measure. And I am also happy that the second mate has superintended the measuring out from week to week ad that neither myself nor any of my brethren have had the charge of this matter. Though the brethren have helped when they have been called upon by the second mate.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 261 IS WRITTEN, February 21st 1855]

Wednesday 21. In stating the fact to the captain this morning that the passengers had not had more than their dust allowance he got very angry. And insultingly and unjustly declared that our people had had the charge of the provisions, and that thinking [p.261] they would have a short passage, they had greedily used more than belonged to them. I said it was not so - They never had charge of the provisions, neither does it appear from evidence that they have had more, but rather less, then they should have had weekly.

He also complained that our people was troublesome to get along with and that he had been annoyed with their complaints. I answered "The people are more intelligent than steerage passengers generally are and understand what their right are, and how they should be treated. They do not feel disposed to submit to abuse without making known their grievances, when endurance ceases to be a virtue [p.262] but treat them as they should be treated and they will prove to be the most orderly, contented, and civil passengers that you ever had.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 263 IS WRITTEN, Difficulty with Captain Smalley]

Some hard words were exchanged and I felt that the captain was disposed to injure and blame our people without cause and he said what he had to get rid of the necessity of making any further provision for the passengers, or calling at some port for supplies in case the wants of people should require it. This caused me firmly to assent their rights and vindicate their characters.

The captain then said that the second mate must have given passengers full rations that are [p.263] only entitled to half rations. [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 264 IS WRITTEN, February 21, 1855 Longitude Latitude ] The passengers were all called on deck to find out if any had received more than their due, and also to learn if any more passengers are on board than should be. Everything was found correct, and the only conclusion is that provisions were never shipped to sustain so many passengers for seventy days.

I am very thankful that every thing appears so clear, and satisfactory pertaining to this matter.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 265 IS WRITTEN, Sickness-Cramp is the stomach and bowels]

February 22. Last night after retiring to rest I was called up by the 2nd mate and found Sister [Janet] McDonald in a swoon! Life seemed to be nearly extinct, her pulse was gone, and her countenance looked pale and deathly. Brother [Mark] Fletcher and I administered to her, and [p.264] blessed her and she opened her eyes and began to revive, but she complained saying "O my stomach" "O my stomach." By which I learned that she had cramp in the stomach which led me first to give her a few drops of peppermint in a little water which gave her some relief by breaking the wind which had accumulated: but as she still complained I gave her about ½ a teaspoon full of powdered ginger in a little brandy and cold water, and this gave her additional relief so that she shortly fell into a sleep and got into a free perspiration. In about 2 hours I gave her a tablespoon full of Caster oil and 2 drops of the oil of peppermint to carry off any acrid matter, relieve the bowels and prevent inflammation from increasing.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 266 IS WRITTEN, February 22nd 1855]

This morning she is better, though very weak, and I felt last night and do feel this morning to praise the name of my God for His [p.265] marvelous mercy in blessing me with wisdom and judgement in my administrations to the sick. And I pray my Father in Heaven to continue His great mercy to me and to give me a wise and understanding heart that I may know how to walk in and out among this people over whom I have a charge, and be able to walk before my God this day, and all others, with a perfect heart, and that all my administrations to the sick and afflicted may be increasingly efficacious and that I may have wisdom and power to instruct them in the things of the Kingdom of God.

. . .

In the evening we had a general prayer meeting, but there was not much of the spirit [p.267] of prayer manifested. Some singing, a little teaching concerning "growing in grace and in the knowledge of the truth," and a few testimonies of the truth of the work.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 268 IS WRITTEN, February 23rd 1855]

Friday 23rd This morning the second mate drove a "Brick bat" at Brother Hostmart for not getting out of the doorway in obedience to his commands. Bro. Hostmart being from Denmark does not understand the English language, and did not understand what was spoken to him. The 2nd mate afterward came upstairs from the ‘tween decks, where he was serving out the water, went into his room got a pistol, and carried it down stairs in his pocket.

Fortunately the "Brick Bat" did not hurt any person, but might have killed or seriously injured some of the children. I spoke of this to the captain, and he [p.268] told the 1st mate, Mr. Parker that if Mr. Lewis cannot give out the water without abusing the passengers some other person must be appointed.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 270 IS WRITTEN, Causes of diarrhea]

Two or three persons are still unwell but they are recovering.

Saturday 24th Day fine. Fair wind. Some cases of diarrhea owing to diet and hot weather. Administered all forenoon to those who are unwell. No cases of serious illness except Brother Campbell's child who has been coming down with diarrhea since some time before we left Liverpool. The diarrhea is generally accompanied with great debility, and loss of appetite and is chiefly occasioned by the use of too much oatmeal, ofttimes not more than half cooked, and the lack of those necessary comforts which should have been furnished for the use of the passengers. [p.269]
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 270 IS WRITTEN, February 24th 1855]

Today Sister Amelia Mercer sent me the following poetry:

"Ode to our Respected President"
Elder Ballantyne's the man who stands an head,

He is one of the great and noble bred,
His kindness and wisdom, and perceptive powers,

Far, far exceeds the depths of ours.

2nd
In the morning you'll see him prancing along,

To visit the active, the sick, and the strong,
Dispensing his blessings to friends and to foes,

His presence is sunshine wherever he goes.

3rd
Now Saints I would have you be up with the lark,

Elder Ballantyne's the man can catch in the dark.
And if his good counsel you will but take,

I believe you will land in Great Salt Lake.

4th
And when we reach there we’ll shout and sing,[p.270]

"Brother Ballantyne's acted to us like a King,"
And may the Lord bless him with a 100 wives

And thousands of children, and thrones besides.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 271 IS WRITTEN, Rotten Branches-where to leave them]

February 25 Had an excellent meeting on deck in the forenoon. The opening the meeting I said I was thankful to the Lord that our voyage has been so tedious and long, as we now begun to learn murmurers and complainers, and by and by we will begin to prune the tree and leave the rotten branches and those who bring not forth good fruit, at New Orleans, St. Louis, and other places. The wicked are carried along with us in the day of prosperity because they love the things of this life, but in the day of adversity they murmur, because the love not the Lord, nor the truth of His Kingdom. Brother Fletcher preached a good discourse and I afterwards gave the Saints a test by which to know their own heart. I said when sheep are attacked by dogs, they do not grin, and show their [p.271] teeth and bark and snarl, and snap like a dog. But they are passive, or flee out of the way of the pursuer. [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 272 IS WRITTEN, February 25th 1855] Should we see the sheep growl and snap like a dog, we would begin to think that it was not a sheep, but possessed a disposition entirely different. Neither do we expect the Saints to return railing for railing, but contrawise blessing. They should not manifest the disposition of a dog, if they are sheep, or if they wish to be considered sheep neither should they manifest the frisking vanity of a goat if they do not wish to be considered goats, neither should they if they wish to be looked on as sheep besmear the sheep with their filthy and unwholesome breath, and their evil spirits and conduct. Again, among this people we see, as in the natural world, the disposition of every kind of animal - both wild and tame. But the more ravenous, such as tigers, grizzly bears, and lions, we keep out of the fold, lest the flock should be devoured. The ass is less dangerous, but he is stubborn, and lazy: And some we have among us.

In the afternoon we partook of the sacrament “tween decks” as usual, as we have not felt that it would be pleasing to the Lord [p.272] to partake of the sacrament on the upper deck, where we might be disturbed by those who are not of us. In the evening we held another meeting, below, and the spirit of the Lord Jesus was largely enjoyed by the Saints, and by the brethren who spoke. I did not speak as the brethren had spoken so sensibly, and by the Spirit, and we had much good instruction. Brothers Hutchison, West, Fletcher, Harrison and Dixon were the chief speakers.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 273 IS WRITTEN, Who is a concubine?]

After the meeting I asked Brother [Mark] Fletcher (as he had been speaking about Concubines) if he knew what constituted a person a concubine? He tried to explain, but I told him he was incorrect, and I said that a concubine differs from a free woman in that she is given to a husband by her mistress - she being the property of her mistress, the same as a horse, or other property, and not a free woman, as Hagar, Bilhah, and others, but that when she is so disposed of to a husband by her mistress, she becomes his legal and lawful wife, before he has any sexual intercourse with her. And thus she is called a concubine to distinguish her from the woman that was originally free, but she is not a prostitute, or whore, but a virtuous and lawful wife: Neither were Abraham, Jacob, and other men of God, whoremasters, or those who held unlawful intercourse [p.273] with the other sex.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 274 IS WRITTEN, February 26th 1855]

Monday 26. Near the Island of Guadeloupe and others of the Windward Islands. This morning as usual went through the hospital and tween decks visiting the sick, and learning the condition of the Saints. Two days ago several persons were much trouble with diarrhea and other sicknesses, but this morning I feel thankful that they are all some better and the most of them are restored to health. I feel to praise the name of the Lord my God that He has blessed all my labors for the benefit of the sick, whether in anointing with oil, and laying on of the hands, or in giving medicines to such as have not faith to be healed. I have found a dose of “prepared chalk” and a few drops of laudanum, or a little brandy, a safe and effectual cure of diarrhea, in every instance when the bowels have first been cleared of the acrid matter by a dose of caster oil or rhubarb. I sometimes give rhubarb and magnesia, and generally in giving rhubarb, I give a little ginger with it, as it helps the action of the physic, and prevent it gripping the stomach or bowels.

Tuesday 27th. This morning early we passed the Island of Guadeloupe. About day break we were so far past it that a very imperfect view of it could be obtained. At a [p.274] distance of thirty miles I took the following sketch of it bearing southeast. On this island there is a sulphur volcano it is well watered and produces an abundance of cotton, sugar, tobacco, sulphur, &c. The Tamarind tree grows here,
[Sketch labeled Guadeloupe is drawn.]
and many spices that are grown in the East Indies. It is governed by the French. About the year 1842 the Island was visited by terrible and destructive earthquakes. It is in Latitude 16 N. and 61.48 West Longitude.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 275 IS WRITTEN, Islands of Guadeloupe]

Antigua

To the southwest we saw, at the same time, the island of Antigua at a distance of 25 miles. The following sketch I took of it while sailing between the two islands.
[Sketch is drawn labeled Island of Antigua.]

The above is an English Island. There is but little fresh water on it, and the inhabitants are obliged to save rain water for use.[p.275]
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 276 IS WRITTEN, February 27th 1855]

While yet in sight of Antigua we saw the island of Montserrat directly ahead presenting a lofty, rugged appearance. The following sketch I took of it when distant about 5 miles. The bearing of the island was north west.
[Detailed sketch labeled Island of Montserrat is drawn.]

This island was very interesting and discovered by Columbus. It is 9 miles in diameter and has a beautiful appearance. We saw beautiful farms on the slopes of the mountains, and in connection with farm steads, two windmills, that are probably used in grinding the sugar cane. The mountain sides were studded with cedar, and other trees. The passengers were much delighted with the sight of these islands after being about 6 weeks at sea and having seen no land during that time only the Cape De Verde Islands.

This morning there is excellent health on board.[p.276] [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 277 IS WRITTEN, Provisions getting short] Provisions are being served out. There is no more sugar, nor flour, and 1 lb of biscuit to each adult passenger, only, is being served out instead of the usual weekly allowance of 2 ½ lbs.

In the evening I called a general meeting and after singing and prayer and singing again I arose and spoke to the Saints, saying, “I am very thankful to my God and Father, that we are permitted to meet under such favorable circumstances. We have good health, yea as good as any company that ever crossed these waters considering the condition of the people when they came on board we have pleasant delightful weather, and a good, comfortable, well ventilated ship to sail in. And above all I feel grateful to my God, and Father, for so large a portion of the Holy Spirit, as this company enjoy, whereby they have been patient, and content, under all circumstances, since my first acquaintance with you at Liverpool. And now my brethren and sisters shall we murmur when we have no more sugar, and flour, and when we have only a small portion of bread? Will murmuring and complaining bring us these things or will they only add to our sorrows? We are in [p.277] circumstances where we cannot help ourselves. [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 278 IS WRITTEN, February 27th 1855] The captain and officers are not to blame. Who then is to blame? Probably a little more flour and sugar has been given out than should have been given weekly, and in regard to the biscuit, it appears that the ship broker in Liverpool never shipped a sufficient quantity. Did the Lord know that we would be brought into these circumstances? He did, and has suffered it for our good, and if we acknowledge His hand in this, and be patient, and walk uprightly before Him, He will sanctify the food you have, and give you a relish for your oatmeal, and rice, and biscuit, and tea, and inasmuch as you walk humble before Him, and keep all of is commandments, He will not suffer the destroyer to enter among you to destroy your lives. Brethren, will you do these things? They testified that they would, and be obedient to counsel. We had a joyful and blessed meeting for which I felt to praise the name of my God. And if the Saints will only do as they now feel the Lord will bless us, and prosper us, and would send us relief in a way we do not look for.[p.278]
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 279 IS WRITTEN, February 28/55 Opposite the Island Puerto Rico]

Wednesday 28. This morning the captain kindly gave me about ½ a barrel of sugar to give to the feeble, and to those who have young children. I had said to him at the breakfast table that I really felt sorry for those who are in poor health, and for those who have little children, as the latter cannot be pacified without a little sugar to their food, and the former are so languid that they have no appetite for their food without it. Thus he was moved upon to open his heart for which I feel very grateful to God my Heavenly Father.

In the course of the day I give out some of the sugar, and those who received it felt very grateful for it. We are sixty miles south of the island of Puerto Rico: Fine sailing.

Thursday March 1st. During this day we have managed to get the tents finished, and Brother Fletcher cut out cloth for 20 wagon covers. There was cloth enough left for another tent, and so we cut it out, and will have it made tomorrow. Thus we have 20 wagon covers, and 21 tents with which to cross the plains. Today we are sailing past [p.279] St. Domingo. [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 280 IS WRITTEN, March 2nd 18550 The island is directly North about 75 miles. This island is governed and settled by Negroes. It is 350 miles long and about 3/4 as large as the territory of England, not including Wales, or Scotland.

We had an excellent meeting this evening, ‘tween decks. Brothers Fletcher, McDonald, and West spoke their feelings which were very good, and gave some excellent instruction. I afterwards arose and said that I was thankful to God for the peace we enjoy among ourselves, and that the officers on board, especially the second mate, is now more civil, and peaceably disposed. Some of the brethren testified to the preciousness of my counsels and said they had learned much from them and during the last 10 weeks had learned more than they had for 10 years previous. I observed that I loved the confidence of my brethren and their testimonies in my favor, but that I loved the confidence of my God and a conscience void of offense before Him much better.[p.280] [NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 281 IS WRITTEN, Opposite the Island of Santo Domingo] As those who are under me are not always capable of judging righteously of the actions of those who are over them. But my God is, and so is my brethren of the Priesthood that are over me, and therefore I must highly prize their favor, and testimonies in my behalf. I said we are learning each other, and those who feel disgraced by us we will withdraw the hand of fellowship from, that they may have full liberty to associate with those they love better. But I am thankful that but very few feel so. Not more than about half a dozen out of four hundred. . . .

Friday 2nd General good health one woman, not in the church has the gravel. I have given her some medicines, and she feels some better. [NOTE: AT LEFT-HAND SIDE OF PAGE 281 IS WRITTEN, this treatment soon relieved her and she felt very grateful to me.] Hot solutions of Cream of Tarter, Linseed gruel, and about a teaspoon full of spirits of Nitre every hour in a little water, is what [p.281] I have given to her. Some children, and others are occasionally troubled with diarrhea, for which, after the bowels are cleansed, I have given Laudanum and "prepared chalk," which has invariably strengthened the stomach and checked the purging and also giving a better appetite.
[NOTE: AT TOP OF PAGE 282 IS WRITTEN, February 2, 1855]

This sketch I have taken of the South West point of the Island of St. Domingo the bearing of the land is north from the ship, and distant about 20 miles.
[SKETCH OF TWO ISLANDS IS DRAWN LABELED SAINT DOMINGO.]
Note: The little island to the right is separate from the island below.

Saturday 3rd. Still in sight of the St. Domingo. Met in council this afternoon . . .

Sunday 4th. A good meeting on the upper deck. Day fine. After much instruction to the Saints, and cautioning them not to murmur for want of provisions, and other things. I counseled the Saints to divide their biscuit, and other articles, one with another, that the present scarcity may be a cause of uniting, and cementing our affections, and not of discord and complaining. The Saints lifted up their hands in token of their willingness to do so, considering it better to show liberality and love toward each other than to be stingy and selfish. We had sacrament in the afternoon when the infant child of Brother and Sister Sutton was blessed. I took it up in my arms and blessed it as an heir of eternal life and a member of the Kingdom of God, and as one whose genealogy shall be reckoned in Zion to come forth in the first resurrection.

This evening excellent fair winds and good sailing.[p.283]

Tuesday 6th. This evening the infant child of Bro. Sutton died about 7 o'clock, of canker.

Wednesday 7th. This morning after singing ,prayer, and some instruction to the Saints, we committed the body of Brother Sutton's child to a watery grave.

The second mate has of late been quite civil and pleasant to the passengers, and we do not hear from him so much profane and abusive language. General peace and good feelings on board. All the flour and biscuit was served out yesterday. The water is getting short. The captain and his lady are more kind and pleasant than previously. With this lady (Mrs. Smallen) I had a long conversation last night after tea. She wished to know if we believed it is right for a man to have more than one wife. I said, yes, when he is commanded of God, but not for his own pleasure.

12th. Anchored at the mouth of the Mississippi River. Sailor fell over board and was drowned.

13th. An old lady of the Danish Saints died, and was buried on an island.[p.284]
[END OF ACCOUNT]

BIB: Ballantyne, Richard. Diaries and Reminiscences (Ms 467 1), pp.205-284, vol. 5. (HDA) (source abbreviations)